History of Louisiana (Part 1 of 2)

In pre-Columbian times, the area that is today the statethe exception of the area around New Orleans
of Louisiana was home to many Native Americanpassed to the British, and the rest of French Louisiana
peoples. These included the Atakapa, Chitmacha,became a colony of Spain. During this period,
Bayougoula, Houma, Avoyel, Tunica and Caddo.French-speaking refugees from Acadia (French
The first Europeans to visit the region were Spanishcolonies in Canada and New England) arrived in what
explorers in the 16th century. In 1528, Panfilo deis today Southwest Louisiana, their descendants
Narvaez's expedition visited the mouth of theeventually becoming known as the Cajun people.
Mississippi River, and in 1541, Hernando de SotoIn 1800, France reacquired Louisiana from Spain in a
crossed the region. The French began arriving in thesecret treaty, however three years, in 1803, the
late 17th century and quickly established settlements.territory was sold to the United States, in the Louisiana
Robert Cavelier de La Salle named the regionPurchase.
"Louisiana" in honor of the French King, Louis XIV, inThe United States divided Louisiana into two parts; the
1682. And a settlement, Fort Maurepas, wasOrleans Territory (which was to become the state of
established in 1699 (at what is now Ocean Springs,Louisiana in 1812), and the District of Louisiana (which
Mississippi, near Biloxi.was all the rest of the land acquired in the Louisiana
The French colony of Louisiana contained land on bothPurchase).
sides of the Mississippi River and extended all the wayA boundary dispute then arose between the US and
to Canada, including all or part of the followingSpain over West Florida, with the Spanish insisting that
present-day states: Louisiana, Mississippi, Arkansas,this region had not been sold back to France in 1800.
Oklahoma, Missouri, Nebraska, Kansas, Iowa, Illinois,However, in the meantime, British settlers have moved
Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, South Dakota andinto the area, and rebelled against Spain in 1810 forming
North Dakota.the short-lived West Florida Republic, which was later
Following the Seven Years' War (generally known inannexed to the United States (eventually becoming
the US as the "French and Indian War"), control ofLouisiana's Florida Parishes) by Presidential
most of the territory east of the Mississippi River, withproclamation.